長毛兔的科學飼養技術
發布日期：2024-07-13
來源：http://guijingwen.cn 發布人：創始人
1、良種選擇
1. Selection of superior varieties
長毛兔品種以安哥拉兔的生產性能。安哥拉兔有中系、英系、日系、德系等，其中以德系兔體型較大，成年體重達5千克左右，年產毛量1.0～1.2千克，優良者可達到1.5千克。中系安哥拉兔適應性強，繁殖率高，耐粗飼，抗病力強，與德系安哥拉兔雜交后具有良好的配合力。
The Angora rabbit has the best production performance among the long haired rabbit breeds. Angora rabbits come in Chinese, English, Japanese, German, and other breeds. Among them, German rabbits have a larger body size, with an adult weight of about 5 kilograms and an annual hair production of 1.0-1.2 kilograms. Excellent breeds can reach 1.5 kilograms. The Chinese Angora rabbit has strong adaptability, high reproductive rate, tolerance to coarse feeding, and strong disease resistance. After hybridization with the German Angora rabbit, it has good compatibility.
2、籠舍建筑
2. Cage building
長毛兔一般采用籠養，種兔單籠分養，幼兔一籠多養。常用的兔籠一般長60厘米、寬55厘米、高45厘米；3層，兔籠底部離地30厘米以上?；\底板鋪設竹片，竹片寬2.5厘米，兩片之間的距離為1厘米。這樣，既能使兔糞落下，又不夾兔腳。
Long haired rabbits are generally kept in cages, with individual cages for breeding rabbits and multiple cages for young rabbits. The commonly used rabbit cages are generally 60 centimeters long, 55 centimeters wide, and 45 centimeters high; On the third floor, the bottom of the rabbit cage should be at least 30 centimeters above the ground. It is best to lay bamboo sheets on the bottom of the cage, with a width of 2.5 centimeters and a distance of 1 centimeter between the two sheets. In this way, it can make rabbit feces fall down without pinching the rabbit's feet.
3、飼養管理
3. Feeding management
長毛兔以草食為主，適當搭配精料。產毛兔每日約需青飼料0.5千克、配合飼料100～150克。常用的青飼料有苜蓿、菜葉、樹葉、花生藤、紅薯秧及各種野草，冬季可飼喂曬制青干草。配合飼料參考配方：豆粉15%，麩皮28%，大麥15%，玉米(2354, 0.00, 0.00%)10%，米糠20%，魚粉5%，棉籽餅5%，貝殼粉1.5%，食鹽0.5%。每日飼喂3～4次，要定時定量，尤其夜間要保證有充足的草料和飲水。青飼料要洗凈瀝水，不喂帶泥土、雨水或噴灑過農藥的。精料要現拌現喂，防止隔夜發酸。仔兔16日齡可開始補料，40～45日齡斷奶。4月齡后公母兔應分籠飼養。
Long haired rabbits mainly feed on grass, with appropriate combination of high-quality ingredients. The production of rabbits requires approximately 0.5 kilograms of green feed and 100-150 grams of compound feed per day. Common green feed includes alfalfa, vegetable leaves, tree leaves, peanut vines, sweet potato seedlings, and various wild grasses. In winter, sun dried green hay can be fed. Reference formula for compound feed: 15% soybean flour, 28% bran, 15% barley, 10% corn (2354, 0.00, 0.00%), 20% rice bran, 5% fish meal, 5% cottonseed cake, 1.5% shell powder, and 0.5% salt. Feed 3-4 times a day, with regular and quantitative feeding, especially at night to ensure sufficient grass and drinking water. Green feed should be washed and drained, and not fed with soil, rainwater, or sprayed with pesticides. The concentrate should be mixed and fed freshly to prevent overnight sourness. Rabbits can start feeding at 16 days old and be weaned at 40-45 days old. Male and female rabbits should be housed separately after 4 months of age.
4、繁殖技術
4. Reproductive technology
母兔6～7月齡，體重2.5～3.5千克；公兔9月齡，體重3.5～4.0千克時就可配種繁殖。本交公母兔比例為1∶8～10。長毛兔初配時常拒絕配種，可強制交配，用左手抓兔，右手從左胯部伸入，用兩手指將陰門分開，讓兔爬跨交配。8小時后，再用同樣方法重新交配一次。母兔的懷孕期30～31天，懷孕25天后，母兔開始拔毛絮窩，這時應把產仔箱放入窩內。一般每胎產仔5～6只，多則8～10只，每只母兔以哺乳6～7只為宜。
Mother rabbits are 6-7 months old and weigh 2.5-3.5 kilograms; Male rabbits can breed and reproduce when they are 9 months old and weigh 3.5-4.0 kilograms. The ratio of male to female rabbits in this study is 1:8-10. Long haired rabbits often refuse to mate for the first time. They can be forcibly mated by grabbing the rabbit with their left hand and inserting their right hand into their left crotch. Use two fingers to separate the vulva and let the rabbit crawl across to mate. After 8 hours, mate again using the same method. The pregnancy period of a female rabbit is 30-31 days. After 25 days of pregnancy, the female rabbit begins to pluck the fur and fluff from the litter box. At this time, the litter box should be placed inside the litter box. Generally, each litter gives birth to 5-6 offspring, with a maximum of 8-10 offspring. It is advisable for each female rabbit to breastfeed 6-7 offspring.
5、采毛
5. Picking hair
長毛兔出生3個月后即可采毛。采毛方法有拔毛和剪毛兩種。青年兔一般剪毛，成年兔可采用拔毛。拔毛可1月拔1次，拔長留短，拔時宜一小撮一小撮輕拔。剪毛一般間隔70～90天剪1次，剪毛應先剪背部，后剪腹部。做到分級剪毛或拔毛，分級包裝，分級存放，以錯開銷售等級，提高養兔效益。
Long haired rabbits can collect their fur after 3 months of birth. There are two methods for picking hair: plucking and shearing. Young rabbits are usually sheared, while adult rabbits can be plucked. Pulling hair can be done once a month, leaving the long part short. When pulling, it is advisable to gently pull a small handful. Generally, shearing should be done once every 70-90 days, starting with the back and then the abdomen. Implement graded shearing or plucking, graded packaging, and graded storage to stagger sales levels and improve the efficiency of rabbit farming.
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